Thyroid status / thyroid eyes
Grave's eye disease
Incidental findings Pretibial myxoedema
+ve signs Exopthalmos, chemosis, ophthalmoplegia, lid lag, diplopia
Differential diagnosis See below
Function ?Visual loss / exposure keratitis, ulceration
Tests TSH, fT4
Thyroid autoantibodies
Unilateral proptosis
Grave’s disease
Retro-orbital tumour
Orbital cellulitis
Bilateral proptosis
Grave’s disease
Carvernous sinus thrombosis
Caroto-cavernous fistula
Thyoid status
Incidental findings
+ve signs Hyperthyroid: Tremor, thyroid acropachy, plummer’s nails, sweaty palms, tachycardia, AF, thyroid eye disease, pretibial myxoedema
Hypothyroid: Bradycardia, carpal tunnel syndrome, dry skin, coarse facial features, loss outer third eyebrow, xanthelasma, slow relaxing reflexes
Differential diagnosis See below
Function
Tests TSH, fT4
Thyroid autoantibodies
Hyperthyroidism
Grave’s
Toxic adenoma
Toxic multinodular goitre
De Quervains
Hypothyroidism
Autoimmune/Hashimotos
Iatrogenic
Iodine deficiency
Notes

  • Management severe Grave’s eye disease: Lubricating eye drops / Optimise thyroid status / Systemic steroids / radiotherapy / lateral tarsorraphy / orbital decompression