Fibrosing alveolitis
Incidental findings ?RA/scleroderma
+ve signs Clubbing, Dyspnoea, ↑RR, Cyanosis, Fine end insp bibasal creps
(Differential) diagnosis Fibrosing alveolitis
Function ?Pul HT: ↑JVP, loud P2, RV heave
Tests ↑ESR, ANA, RF
CXR – basal reticular shadowing
ABG – hypoxaemia
PFT – restrictive, desaturation after exercise
HRCT ± lung biopsy
Causes

Upper
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
Ank Spon
Old TB
Middle
Sarcoid
Beryllium
Lower
CFA
Connective tissue disease
Pneumoconioses
Drugs
Extensions
Look for splenomegaly (amyloidosis)
Notes

  • Connective tissue diseases = RA, systemic sclerosis, SLE, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, ankylosing spondylitis (upper lobe). In RA, fibrosis can also be caused by methotrexate.
  • Drug causes = Methotrexate, amiodarone, nitrofurantoin
  • Types of pneumonitis: Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), desquamative IP, Non-specific IP, lymphoid IP, giant cell IP.
  • Rx: Trial of steroids for all, but taper if no response